7.5. Literaturverzeichnis

7.5.1. ♛ Leitlinien

♛ ASA Airway 2022

2022 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway by Jeffrey L Apfelbaum et al. Anesthesiology. 2022 Jan 1;136(1):31-81. https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000004002

DMV was reported in 5% of the patients.

♛ ASE TEE 2013

Guidelines for Performing a Comprehensive Transesophageal Echocardiographic Examination: Recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists by Rebecca T. Hahn et al. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2013;26:921-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2013.07.009

♛ ERC 2025 ALS

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Adult Advanced Life Support by J. Soar et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110769. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110769

♛ ERC 2025 BLS

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Adult Basic Life Support by M. A. Smyth et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110771. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110771

♛ ERC 2025 Edu

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Education for Resuscitation by S. Nabecker et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110739. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110739

♛ ERC 2025 Epid

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Epidemiology in Resuscitation by E. Baldi et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110733. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110733

♛ ERC 2025 Ethics

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Ethics in Resuscitation by V. Raffay et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110734. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110734

♛ ERC 2025 ExSum

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Executive Summary by R. Greif et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110770. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110770

♛ ERC 2025 First Aid

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 First Aid by T. Djärv et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110752. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110752

♛ ERC 2025 Newborn

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Newborn Resuscitation and Support of Transition of Infants at Birth by M. Hogeveen et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110766. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110766

♛ ERC 2025 PLS

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Paediatric Life Support by J. Djakow et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110767. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110767

♛ ERC 2025 Special

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 Special Circumstances in Resuscitation by C. Lott et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110753. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110753

♛ ERC 2025 System

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2025 System Saving Lives by F. Semeraro et al. Resuscitation, 2025(215):110821. Elsevier BV, DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2025.110821

♛ ESA PeriOpFastening 2011

Perioperative fasting in adults and children: guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology by Smith, I.; Kranke, P. et al. European journal of anaesthesiology, 2011, 28, 556-69. PMID: 21712716. DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e3283495ba1

The key recommendations are that adults and children should be encouraged to drink clear fluids up to 2 h before elective surgery (including caesarean section) and all but one member of the guidelines group consider that tea or coffee with milk added (up to about one fifth of the total volume) are still clear fluids. Solid food should be prohibited for 6 h before elective surgery in adults and children, although patients should not have their operation cancelled or delayed just because they are chewing gum, sucking a boiled sweet or smoking immediately prior to induction of anaesthesia. These recommendations also apply to patients with obesity, gastro-oesophageal reflux and diabetes and pregnant women not in labour. There is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine use of antacids, metoclopramide or H2-receptor antagonists before elective surgery in non-obstetric patients, but an H2-receptor antagonist should be given before elective caesarean section, with an intravenous H2-receptor antagonist given prior to emergency caesarean section, supplemented with 30 ml of 0.3 mol l(-1) sodium citrate if general anaesthesia is planned. Infants should be fed before elective surgery. Breast milk is safe up to 4 h and other milks up to 6 h. Thereafter, clear fluids should be given as in adults. The guidelines also consider the safety and possible benefits of preoperative carbohydrates and offer advice on the postoperative resumption of oral intake.

♛ ESC NSTEMI 2020/21

2020 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation. by J.-P. Collet et al. European heart journal, 2021(42):1289-1367. PMID: 32860058, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa575

♛ ESC STEMI 2017

2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). by B. Ibanez et al. European heart journal, 2018(39):119-177. PMID: 28886621, DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx393

♛ ÖGARI Gerinnungsevaluierung 2024

Empfehlung der Arbeitsgruppe Perioperative Gerinnung der ÖGARI zum Thema: Präoperative/präinterventionelle Anamnese-basierte Gerinnungsevaluierung. Österreichische Gesellschaft für Anaesthesiologie, Reanimation und Intensivmedizin (ÖGARI), 2024. https://www.oegari.at/web_files/cms_daten/empfehlung_agpg_perioperative_anamnese-basierte_gerinnungsevaluierung_version_2___2024.pdf

♛ ÖGARI Gerinnung RA 2024

Empfehlung der Arbeitsgruppe Perioperative Gerinnung der ÖGARI zum Thema: Regionalanästhesie unter Gerinnungshemmung. Österreichische Gesellschaft für Anaesthesiologie, Reanimation und Intensivmedizin (ÖGARI), 2024. https://www.oegari.at/web_files/cms_daten/empfehlung_der_arbeitsgruppe_perioperative_gerinnung_der_ogari_zum_thema_regionalanasthesie_unter_gerinnungshemmung.pdf

♛ ÖGARI RA-Neuro 2021

Empfehlung der ARGE Regionalanästhesie für das Vorgehen bei Verdacht auf perioperative Nervenläsionen der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Anästhesie, Reanimation und Intensivmedizin (ÖGARI), ARGE Regionalanästhesie. 2021. https://www.oegari.at/web_files/cms_daten/arge_ns_2021.pdf

♛ S1 Atemweg 2015

S1-Leitlinie Atemwegsmanagement by T. Piepho et al. Anaesthesist 2015 64:859–873. AWMF-Register Nr.: 001/028. DOI 10.1007/s00101-015-0087-6 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00101-015-0087-6

♛ S1 Prähosp Atemweg 2019

S1-Leitlinie Prähospitales Atemwegsmanagement der Deutsche Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin e.V. (DGAI) et al. AWMF-Register Nr.: 001-040. https://register.awmf.org/assets/guidelines/001-040l_S1_Praehospitales-Atemwegsmanagement_2019-03_1.pdf

♛ S1 RM-RA Antikoag 2021

S1-Leitlinie Rückenmarknahe Regionalanästhesien und Thromboembolieprophylaxe / antithrombotische Medikation der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin e.V. (DGAI) et al. AWMF-Register Nr.: 001 - 005. https://register.awmf.org/assets/guidelines/001-005l_S1_Rueckenmarksnahe-Regionalanaesthesien-Thrombembolieprophylaxe-antithrombotische-Medikation_2021-10_1.pdf

♛ S2k Anaphylaxie 2021

Leitlinie zu Akuttherapie und Management der Anaphylaxie - Update 2021: S2k-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie (DGAKI) et al. AWMF-Registernummer 061-025. https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/061-025

♛ S2k PPH 2022

S2k-Leitlinie Peripartale Blutungen, Diagnostik und Therapie der Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe e.V. (DGGG). Version 3.2, Stand 01.08.2022. AWMF-Registernummer 015-063. https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/015-063

♛ S3 Sepsis 2025

S3-Leitlinie Sepsis – Prävention, Diagnose, Therapie und Nachsorge – Update 2025 by F. M. Brunkhorst et al. Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin, 2025, Springer. DOI: 10.1007/s00063-025-01317-1

♛ S3 Volumentherapie 2020

S3-Leitlinie Intravasale Volumentherapie bei Erwachsenen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin (DGAI) et al. AWMF, Registernummer: 001-020, 2020. https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/001-020

♛ SurvSepsisCpg 2021

Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. By: Evans, L., Rhodes, A., Alhazzani, W. et al. Intensive Care Med 47, 1181–1247 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y

7.5.2. ⚖ Rechts- und Behördenquellen

⚖ ÖSG 2017 TXT

Österreichischer Strukturplan Gesundheit, Textband gemäß Beschluss der Bundes-Zielsteuerungskommission vom 30. Juni 2017. Bundesministerium für Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz (BMSGPK). Stubenring 1, A-1010 Wien. Wien, Oktober 2022. ISBN 978-3-903099-27-2. https://goeg.at/sites/goeg.at/files/inline-files/ÖSG_2017_-_Textband%2C_Stand_07.10.2022.pdf

⚖ ÖSG 2017 Tab

Österreichischer Strukturplan Gesundheit, Tabellenband gemäß Beschluss der Bundes-Zielsteuerungskommission vom 30. Juni 2017. Bundesministerium für Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz (BMSGPK). Stubenring 1, A-1010 Wien. Wien, Oktober 2022. ISBN 978-3-903099-27-2. https://goeg.at/sites/goeg.at/files/inline-files/ÖSG_2017_-_Tabellenband%2C_Stand_07.10.2022.pdf

7.5.3. ⚙ Normen

7.5.4. 🗎 Primär- und sonstige Literatur

🗎 Adams 1996

by Adams, Douglas The Ultimate Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy. 1996. Wings Books.

🗎 Engelmann 2014

“Tarragona-Strategie”: Adäquate Antibiotikatherapie auf der Intensivstation by Lothar Engelmann et al. Wiener klinisches Magazin. 2014;17:24–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00740-014-0027-0

🗎 Lee 1999

Derivation and Prospective Validation of a Simple Index for Prediction of Cardiac Risk of Major Noncardiac Surgery by Thomas H. Lee et al. Circulation. 1999;100:1043–1049. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.100.10.1043

Synopsis

In stable patients undergoing nonurgent major noncardiac surgery, this index can identify patients at higher risk for complications. This index may be useful for identification of candidates for further risk stratification with noninvasive technologies or other management strategies, as well as low-risk patients in whom additional evaluation is unlikely to be helpful.

🗎 Sepsis-3

The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3) by Mervyn Singer et al. JAMA. 2016 Feb 23;315(8):801-10. PMID: 26903338. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.0287